8XWZ | pdb_00008xwz

Non-crystalline proximal tubulopathy and crystalline cast nephropathy-causing Bence-Jones protein PT-CN: An entire immunoglobulin kappa light chain dimer


Experimental Data Snapshot

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 2.30 Å
  • R-Value Free: 
    0.257 (Depositor), 0.257 (DCC) 
  • R-Value Work: 
    0.204 (Depositor), 0.205 (DCC) 
  • R-Value Observed: 
    0.207 (Depositor) 

Starting Model: experimental
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wwPDB Validation   3D Report Full Report


This is version 1.0 of the entry. See complete history


Literature

Multiple myeloma-associated non-crystalline proximal tubulopathy and crystalline cast nephropathy: Biochemical and structural features of disease-causing monoclonal kappa light chains.

Ezawa, T.Otomo, R.Kariya, Y.Nozawa, K.Kyoya, S.Furutani, C.Noguchi, K.Yohda, M.Odaka, M.Matsumura, H.Saito, A.Saito, M.Abe, F.Fujioka, Y.Kitadate, A.Wakui, H.Takahashi, N.

(2025) FASEB J 39: e70296-e70296

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1096/fj.202402104R
  • Primary Citation of Related Structures:  
    8XWZ

  • PubMed Abstract: 

    Various tubular diseases in patients with multiple myeloma (MM) are caused by monoclonal immunoglobulin light chains (LCs). However, the physicochemical characteristics of the disease-causing LCs contributing to the onset of MM-associated tubular diseases remain unclear. We herein report a rare case of MM-associated combined tubulopathies: non-crystalline light chain proximal tubulopathy (LCPT) and crystalline light chain cast nephropathy (LCCN). The patient's urinary κ-LC (Bence-Jones proteins, BJP-κ PT-CN) was detected through immunofixation. Renal biopsy revealed cytoplasmic vacuoles in swollen proximal tubular cells and distal tubular casts. Immunohistochemistry showed proximal tubular reabsorption granules and distal tubular casts positively stained with an anti-κ-LC antibody. Electron microscopy identified vacuolation and an increased number of lysosomes in proximal tubular epithelial cells without crystalline structures. Distal tubular casts comprised numerous crystals with both rod-shaped and needle-like configurations and tube-shaped materials. To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying tubular toxicity, we performed the following physicochemical analyses of BJP-κ PT-CN: N-terminal amino acid sequencing, cDNA cloning, size-exclusion chromatography, thermal shift assays, and X-ray crystallography. The variable segment of BJP-κ PT-CN was derived from the IGKV1-39 gene. The characteristic features of BJP-κ PT-CN were a positively charged surface patch, concentration-dependent monomer-dimer equilibrium, and the R61G mutation. This is the first biochemical and structural characterization of disease-causing BJPs in MM-associated LCPT and crystalline LCCN. The results obtained suggest that these characteristic features enhance protein binding to negatively charged sites on brush-border membranes in proximal tubules and promote the formation of organized casts in distal tubular lumens.


  • Organizational Affiliation
    • Department of Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Akita University, Akita, Japan.

Macromolecules
Find similar proteins by:  (by identity cutoff)  |  3D Structure
Entity ID: 1
MoleculeChains Sequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
Bence-Jones protein kappa light chain PT-CN
A, B
214Homo sapiensMutation(s): 0 
Entity Groups  
Sequence Clusters30% Identity50% Identity70% Identity90% Identity95% Identity100% Identity
Sequence Annotations
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  • Reference Sequence
Small Molecules
Ligands 6 Unique
IDChains Name / Formula / InChI Key2D Diagram3D Interactions
PGE
Query on PGE

Download Ideal Coordinates CCD File 
F [auth A]TRIETHYLENE GLYCOL
C6 H14 O4
ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
PEG
Query on PEG

Download Ideal Coordinates CCD File 
PA [auth B],
QA [auth B]
DI(HYDROXYETHYL)ETHER
C4 H10 O3
MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N
PO4
Query on PO4

Download Ideal Coordinates CCD File 
C [auth A],
D [auth A],
NA [auth B],
OA [auth B]
PHOSPHATE ION
O4 P
NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K
GOL
Query on GOL

Download Ideal Coordinates CCD File 
G [auth A],
RA [auth B]
GLYCEROL
C3 H8 O3
PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N
ETX
Query on ETX

Download Ideal Coordinates CCD File 
E [auth A]2-ETHOXYETHANOL
C4 H10 O2
ZNQVEEAIQZEUHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N
EDO
Query on EDO

Download Ideal Coordinates CCD File 
AA [auth A]
AB [auth B]
AC [auth B]
BA [auth A]
BB [auth B]
AA [auth A],
AB [auth B],
AC [auth B],
BA [auth A],
BB [auth B],
BC [auth B],
CA [auth A],
CB [auth B],
CC [auth B],
DA [auth A],
DB [auth B],
EA [auth A],
EB [auth B],
FA [auth A],
FB [auth B],
GA [auth A],
GB [auth B],
H [auth A],
HA [auth A],
HB [auth B],
I [auth A],
IA [auth A],
IB [auth B],
J [auth A],
JA [auth A],
JB [auth B],
K [auth A],
KA [auth A],
KB [auth B],
L [auth A],
LA [auth A],
LB [auth B],
M [auth A],
MA [auth A],
MB [auth B],
N [auth A],
NB [auth B],
O [auth A],
OB [auth B],
P [auth A],
PB [auth B],
Q [auth A],
QB [auth B],
R [auth A],
RB [auth B],
S [auth A],
SA [auth B],
SB [auth B],
T [auth A],
TA [auth B],
TB [auth B],
U [auth A],
UA [auth B],
UB [auth B],
V [auth A],
VA [auth B],
VB [auth B],
W [auth A],
WA [auth B],
WB [auth B],
X [auth A],
XA [auth B],
XB [auth B],
Y [auth A],
YA [auth B],
YB [auth B],
Z [auth A],
ZA [auth B],
ZB [auth B]
1,2-ETHANEDIOL
C2 H6 O2
LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Experimental Data & Validation

Experimental Data

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 2.30 Å
  • R-Value Free:  0.257 (Depositor), 0.257 (DCC) 
  • R-Value Work:  0.204 (Depositor), 0.205 (DCC) 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.207 (Depositor) 
Space Group: P 41 21 2
Unit Cell:
Length ( Å )Angle ( ˚ )
a = 80.422α = 90
b = 80.422β = 90
c = 141.25γ = 90
Software Package:
Software NamePurpose
PHENIXrefinement
XDSdata reduction
XDSdata scaling
MOLREPphasing

Structure Validation

View Full Validation Report



Entry History & Funding Information

Deposition Data


Funding OrganizationLocationGrant Number
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS)Japan19K07011
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS)Japan23KJ0224

Revision History  (Full details and data files)

  • Version 1.0: 2025-01-22
    Type: Initial release